pnmrotate(1)

NAME

       pnmrotate - rotate a portable anymap by some angle

SYNOPSIS

       pnmrotate [-noantialias] angle [pnmfile]

DESCRIPTION

       Reads  a  portable  anymap as input.  Rotates it by the specified angle
       and produces a portable anymap as output.  If  the  input  file  is  in
       color,  the  output  will  be too, otherwise it will be grayscale.  The
       angle is in degrees (floating point), measured  counter-clockwise.   It
       can  be negative, but it should be between -90 and 90.  Also, for rota-
       tions greater than 45 degrees you may get better results if  you  first
       use  pnmflip to do a 90 degree rotation and then pnmrotate less than 45
       degrees back the other direction

       The rotation algorithm is Alan Paeth's three-shear method.  Each  shear
       is implemented by looping over the source pixels and distributing frac-
       tions to each of the destination pixels.  This has  an  "anti-aliasing"
       effect  -  it  avoids  jagged edges and similar artifacts.  However, it
       also means that the original colors or gray levels  in  the  image  are
       modified.   If  you  need to keep precisely the same set of colors, you
       can use the -noantialias flag.  This does the shearing by moving pixels
       without  changing  their  values.   If you want anti-aliasing and don't
       care about the precise colors, but still need  a  limited  *number*  of
       colors, you can run the result through ppmquant.

       All flags can be abbreviated to their shortest unique prefix.

REFERENCES

       "A  Fast Algorithm for General Raster Rotation" by Alan Paeth, Graphics
       Interface '86, pp. 77-81.

SEE ALSO

       pnmshear(1), pnmflip(1), pnm(5), ppmquant(1)

AUTHOR

       Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 by Jef Poskanzer.

                                12 January 1991                   pnmrotate(1)